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노말맵을 사용하기 위해서는 tangent 공간(or texture 공간)과 object 공간 사이의 변환이 필요하다. 노말맵에 저장된 값은 tangent 공간에 있고 Light 벡터등은 object나 world 공간에 있기 때문에 같은 공간상의 값으로 변환해야 한다. 그럼 어떤 공간에 맞출 것인가. 보통은 tangent 공간으로 맞춘다. Light 벡터나 View ..

텍스쳐 사용에 있어서 DX10에서 DX9와 가장 크게 달라진 점은 텍스쳐와 샘플러가 분리되었다는 것이다. DX9에서는 샘플러에 텍스쳐가 포함되어있었기 때문에 텍스쳐 개수만큼 샘플러를 생성해야했지만 DX10에서는 하나의 샘플러를 여러 텍스쳐에 사용할 수 있다. 쉐이더 레지스터에 텍스쳐를 할당할 때..

원문: http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems/gpugems_ch11.html Chapter 11. Shadow Map Antialiasing Michael Bunnell NVIDIA Fabio Pellacini Pixar Animation Studios 11.1 Introduction Shadow mapping is the method of choice for creating shadows in high-end rendering for motion pictures and television. However, it has been problematic to use shadow mapping in real-time applications, such as video..

원문: http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems/gpugems_ch10.html Chapter 10. Cinematic Lighting Fabio Pellacini Pixar Animation Studios Kiril Vidimce Pixar Animation Studios In this chapter, we present a simplified implementation of uberlight, a light shader that expresses the lighting model described by Ronen Barzel (1997, 1999). A superset of this model was developed over several years at Pi..

원문: http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems/gpugems_ch09.html Chapter 9. Efficient Shadow Volume Rendering Morgan McGuire Brown University 9.1 Introduction A security guard's shadow precedes him into a vault—enough advance warning to let the thief hide on the ceiling. Ready to pounce on an unwary space marine, the alien predator clings to a wall, concealed in the shadow of a nearby gun tu..

원문: http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems/gpugems_ch08.html Chapter 8. Simulating Diffraction Jos Stam Alias Systems 8.1 What Is Diffraction? Most surface reflection models in computer graphics ignore the wavelike effects of natural light. This is fine whenever the surface detail is much larger than the wavelength of light (roughly a micron). For surfaces with small-scale detail such as a..

원문: http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems/gpugems_ch07.html Chapter 7. Rendering Countless Blades of Waving Grass Kurt Pelzer Piranha Bytes 7.1 Introduction To simulate an idyllic nature scene in a realistic fashion, besides detailed trees and bushes, as well as a complex water and sky dome simulation, we need a high-quality grass effect. We must be able to cover large areas of the terrai..

원문: http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems/gpugems_ch06.html Chapter 6. Fire in the "Vulcan" Demo Hubert Nguyen NVIDIA This chapter talks about the "Vulcan" demo that the NVIDIA demo team created for the launch of the GeForce FX 5900 Ultra. Inspired by the Balrog creature in The Lord of the Rings movies, our goal was to display a monster that would be the source of raging flames, as shown ..

원문: http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems/gpugems_ch05.html Chapter 5. Implementing Improved Perlin Noise Ken Perlin New York University This chapter focuses on the decisions that I made in designing a new, improved version of my Noise function. I did this redesign for three reasons: (1) to make Noise more amenable to a gradual shift into hardware, (2) to improve on the Noise function's v..

원문: http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems/gpugems_ch04.html Chapter 4. Animation in the "Dawn" Demo Curtis Beeson NVIDIA 4.1 Introduction "Dawn" is a demonstration that was created by NVIDIA Corporation to introduce the GeForce FX product line and illustrate how a high-level language (such as HLSL or Cg) could be used to create a realistic human character. The vertex shaders deform a high..